Classification of Industry into Red, Orange, Green and White Category

 The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change in consultation with Central Pollution Control Board has reclassified the industries into “Red”, “Orange”, “Green” and “White” category, as part of policies and objective of government to promote ‘Ease of Doing Responsible Business.

The Pollution Index PI of any industrial sector is a number from 0 to 100 and the increasing value of PI denotes the increasing degree of pollution load from the industrial sector. Based on the series of brain storming sessions among CPCB, SPCBs and MoEFCC , the following criteria on  ‘Range of Pollution Index ‘for the purpose of categorization of  industrial sectors is finalized.

Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of 60 and above –  Red category

Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of  41 to 59      –  Orange category

Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score of  21 to 40      –  Green category

Industrial Sectors having Pollution Index score incl &upto 20    –  White category

Projects under the new category of “white”, which is practically non-polluting, will not require either Environmental Clearance under Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 or Consent under Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974.

List of White Category Industries

Sl. No.	Industry Sector
1.	Air coolers /conditioners
2.	Bicycles, baby carriages
3.	Bailing of waste papers
4.	Bio fertilizer /bio-pesticides
5.	Biscuits trays
6.	Blending / packing of tea
7.	Block making of printing
8.	Chalk making
9.	Compressed oxygen gas
10.	Cotton and woolen hosiers
11.	Diesel pump repairing
12.	Electric lamp ( bulb) and CFL
13.	Electrical and electronic item
14.	Engineering and fabrication units
15.	Flavoured betel nuts
16.	Fly ash bricks/ block
17.	Fountain pen
18.	Glass ampules
19.	Glass putty and sealant
20.	Ground nut decorticating
21.	Handloom/ carpet weaving
22.	Leather cutting and stitching
23.	Coir items from coconut husks
24.	Metal caps containers etc
25.	Shoe brush and wire brush
26.	Medical oxygen
27.	Organic and inorganic nutrients
28.	Organic manure
29.	Packing of powdered milk
30.	Paper pins and u clips
31.	Repairing of electric motors /generators
32.	Rope (plastic and cotton)
33.	Scientific and mathematical instrument
34.	Solar module non-conventional energy apparatus
35.	Solar power generation through solar photovoltaic cell, wind power and mini hydel power (less than 25 MW)
36.	Surgical and medical products assembling

List of Red Category of Industries 

Sl No.	Industry Sector	Sl No.	Industry Sector
1	Isolated storage of hazardous chemicals	39	Yarn / Textile processing
2	Automobile Manufacturing (integrated)	40	Chlor Alkali
3	Hazardous waste recycling  (Spent cleared metal catalyst )	41	Ship Breaking
4	Lubricating oils  and grease mfg.	42	Oil and gas extraction
5	DG Set  (> 5 MVA)	43	Metal surface treatment
6	Carbon black & allied	44	Tanneries
7	Lead acid battery	45	Ports /harbor/jetties
8	Phosphate rock processing	46	Synthetic fibers
9	Power generation plant	47	Thermal Power Plants
10	Hazardous Waste Recyclers (Spent catalyst)	48	Slaughter house
11	Chlorinated hydrocarbons	49	Aluminium Smelter
12	Sugar	50	Copper Smelter
13	Fibre glass production	51	Fertilizer (basic)
14	Fire crackers	52	Integrated Iron & Steel
15	E-Waste Recyclers	53	Pulp & Paper ( bleaching)
15	Milk and dairy products	54	Zinc Smelter
17	Phosphorous	55	Oil Refinery
18	Pulp & Paper	56	Petrochemicals
19	Coke making	57	Pharmaceuticals
20	Explosives / detonators	58	Pulp & Paper ( Large-Agro + wood),
21	Paints varnishes, pigments	59	Distillery
22	Organic Chemicals	60	Railway locomotive work shop/  service centers
23	Airports and Commercial Air Strips
24	Asbestos
25	Basic chemicals
26	Cement
27	Chlorates, per-chlorates & peroxides
28	Chlorine, fluorine, bromine, iodine
29	Dyes and Dye- Intermediates
30	Health-care Establishment
31	Hotels (Big)
32	Lead acid battery -recyclers
33	Waste electrical and electronic recyclers
34	Glue and gelatin
35	Mining and ore beneficiation
36	Nuclear power plant
37	Pesticides
38	Photographic film /chemicals

List of Orange  Category of Industries 

Sl. No.	Industry Sector	Sl. No.	Industry Sector
1	Almirah, Grill Manufacturing	43	Large Cotton spinning and weaving
2	Aluminium & copper extraction from scrap	44	Lime manufacturing (using lime kiln)
3	Automobile servicing, repairing	45	Liquid floor cleaner, black phenyl
4	Ayurvedic and homeopathic medicine	46	Manufacturing of glass
5	Brickfields	47	Manufacturing of mirror from sheet glass
6	Building and construction  >20,000 sq. m	48	Manufacturing of mosquito repellent coil
7	Cashew nut processing	49	Manufacturing of Starch/Sago
8	Ceramics and Refractories	50	Mechanized laundry using oil fired boiler
9	Chanachur and ladoo using husk fired oven	51	Medium scale Hotels
10	Coal washeries	52	Modular wooden furniture
11	Coated electrode	53	New highway construction project
12	Coffee seed processing	54	Non-alcoholic beverages(soft drink)
13	Compact disc computer floppy	55	Paint blending and mixing (Ball mill)
14	Copper waste recyclers	56	Paints and varnishes (mixing and blending)
15	Dairy and dairy products ( small scale)	57	Parboiled Rice Mills
16	DG set ( >1MVA but < 5MVA)	58	Pharmaceutical formulation
17	Dismantling of rolling stocks	59	Ply-board manufacturing
18	Dry cell battery	60	Potable alcohol ( IMFL) by blending
19	Dry coal / mineral processing	61	Printing ink manufacturing
20	Fermentation (Extra Neutral Alcohol)	62	Printing or etching of glass sheet
21	Ferrous and Non- ferrous metal extraction	63	Printing press
22	Fertilizer (granulation / formulation / blending	64	Producer gas plant
23	Fish feed, poultry feed and cattle feed	65	Recyclers – used oils
24	Fish processing and packing	66	REcyclers – waste oils
25	Flakes from rejected PET bottle	67	Recycling  – Paint and ink Sludge
26	Foam manufacturing	68	Reprocessing of waste plastic /PVC
27	Food and food processing	69	Rolling mill (oil or coal fired)
28	Forging of ferrous and non- ferrous	70	Silica gel
29	Formulation/pelletization of camphor tablets etc.	71	Silk /saree screen printing
30	Glass ceramics, earthen potteries and tile	72	Spray painting
31	Gravure printing, digital printing on flex, v	73	Steel and steel products with furnaces
32	Heat treatment using oil fired furnace	74	Stone crushers
33	Hot mix plants	75	Surgical and medical products (latex)
34	Ice cream	76	Synthetic detergents and soaps
35	Industry or processes involving foundry operations	77	Synthetic resins
36	Iodized salt from crude/ raw salt	78	Synthetic rubber excluding molding
37	Jute processing without dyeing	79	Tephlon based products
38	large Bakery and confectionery	80	Thermocol manufacturing ( with boiler)
39	Transformer repairing/ manufacturing	81	Thermometer
40	Tyres and tubes vulcanization/ hot retread	82	Tobacco products including cigarettes
41	Vegetable oil manufacturing	83	Tooth powder, toothpaste, talcum powder
42	Wire drawing and wire netting

List of Green category of Industries

Sl. No.	Industry Sector	Sl. No.	Industry Sector
1	Aluminium utensils	36	Ready mix cement concrete
2	Ayurvedic medicines	37	Reprocessing of waste cotton
3	Small Bakery /confectionery	38	Rice mill (Rice hullers only)
4	PP film	39	Rolling mill ( gas fired) and cold rolling mill
5	Biomass briquettes	40	Rubber goods (gas operated baby boiler)
6	Melamine resins	41	Saw mills
7	Brass and bell metal utensils	42	Soap manufacturing
8	Candy	43	Spice Blending
9	Cardboard / corrugated box	44	Spice grinding
10	Carpentry & wooden furniture	45	Steel furniture
11	Cement products	46	Grains processing
12	Ceramic colour by mixing	47	Tyres /tube retreating
13	Chilling plant and ice making	48	Chilling /ice plant
14	Coke briquetting	49	CO2 recovery
15	Small Cotton spinning and weaving	50	Distilled water
16	Dal Mills	51	Small Hotels
17	Decoration of ceramic cups	52	Optical lenses
18	Digital printing on PVC clothes	53	Mineralized water
19	Handling, storage of food grains	54	Tamarind powder
20	Flour mills	55	Marble stone
21	Electrical Glass , ceramic, earthen potteries	56	Emery powder
22	Glue from starch	57	Flyash export
23	Gold and silver smithy	58	Mineral stack yard
24	Non-polluting Heat treatment	59	Oil and gas transportation pipeline
25	Insulation /coated papers	60	Seasoning of wood
26	Leather foot wear /products	61	Synthetic detergent
27	Blending of Lubricating oil, greases	62	Tea processing
28	Pasted veneers	63	Pulverization of bamboo
29	Oil mill Ghani
30	Packing materials
31	Phenyl/toilet cleaner
32	Polythene and plastic products
33	Poultry, Hatchery and Piggery
34	Power looms (without dye and bleaching)
35	Puffed rice (muri) (gas or electrical heating)

Manhole to Machine Hole Scheme

 

SWAMIH Investment Fund

 

Zoning Regulations

A Master plan or Development Plan or General Town Planning (GTP) Scheme is a general plan for the future development of a city / any settlement showing both, the existing and proposed streets or roads, open spaces, public buildings, residential, commercial areas etc. and shows various land use zones intended for development. It is a statutory document prepared under the provisions and procedures prescribed under the relevant Acts. The Zoning Regulations are also sanctioned along with the Master Plan. Zoning Regulations is the legal instrument for implementing the land use policy as proposed in the Master Plan. Zoning Regulations contain a set of guidelines with regard to the permissibility of the right use and the correct location of each zone duly prohibiting the conflicting uses in order to achieve the objective of the Master Plan for orderly development of a given settlement.

Zoning is a planning control tool for regulating the built environment and creating functional real estate markets. It does so by dividing land that comprises the statutory area of a ULB into different zones, permitting particular land use on specific sites to shape the layout of towns and cities and enable various types of development. It determines the location, size, and use of buildings and decides the density of city blocks

Need of the Zoning Regulations:

The Master Plans for various urban settlements along their vicinity areas have been prepared at different times for the past several years in the State. Zoning Regulations along with the Master Plans are also issued. It has been observed that some of the Land Use Zone Categories of the Master Plans have been shown differently in each of the Master Plans without following a uniform pattern. Due to this, there are different set of zoning regulations for different Master Plans creating complexity in understanding its applicability. This has led to difficulty among the general public, License Technical Personnel and also among the implementing agencies. Presently, the building permissions are issued through the Online Building Permission System (OBPS) on a single platform in the State. Therefore, it is difficult to customize all zoning regulations on a single platform. Hence, there is an immediate need to develop uniform zoning regulations for the entire State and this will help to avoid manual interpretation and intervention in the application of the zoning regulations.

The zoning regulations is the formal categorization of land-use Plan applicable to land within a Urban local body. It also sets the legal framework. The zoning regulation establishes permitted land uses and distinguishes between different land use types. Further, it ensures that incompatible land uses are not located adjacent to one another. The zoning regulations often also contains information relating to the need for a planning permit for a change of use or development proposal, subdivision of land, construction of new buildings, and other changes to the land.

Rationalization of Land Use Categories of master plans A systematic approach has been followed to rationalize the land uses of Master Plans which include:

a) Comprehensive assessment to understand the commonalities of zones of each Master Plan.

b) Review of existing land use zones of other metro cities Master /Development Plans. 

c) Comparison with National Level URDPF guidelines.

d) Consultations with town planning experts and officials of line departments. 

Applicability of the ZoningRegulations:

No development activity like layout, land pooling scheme, building activity or use of any land shall be permitted unless these are in conformity with the Master Plan land use, circulation network and the zoning of the uses and activities as given in this section and the building site requirements as given in these regulations.

These regulations however will not prohibit the continuance of existing uses of lands and buildings that have been lawfully established and have a valid development permission obtained from the competent authorities asrequired under the prevailing statutory provisions and these Zoning and Development Promotion regulations, provided that no expansion of the existing non- conforming use or activity shall be permissible provided such conformed use is dangerous to life.

All the layouts approved by the competent authorities as required under the prevailing statutory provisions or plots / layouts regularized by prior to these regulations and change of land use affected by government in the immediate preceding notified Master Plan from time to time shall continue to prevail irrespective of the land use zone proposed in the MasterPlan.

Preparation of Master Plan

 > With rapid urbanization and growth of the city, urban planning has received a major importance. This planning is done at various hierarchies to integrate a large region with a small area so that the development is done at a same pace. There are many legal documents made to promote development. Master plan is one such document which provides rules and guidelines for a planned development both at present and future.

>  Master Plan is an instrument to work out land and infrastructure requirements for various urban and rural uses, and allocate land for various uses to result in harmonious and sustainable distribution of activities so that towns / cities are provided with a form and structure within which they can perform all their economic and social functions efficiently and effectively. The purpose of a Master Plan is to promote growth and guide and regulate present and future development of towns and cities with a perspective of 20-25 years. 

Necessity and Features of Master Plan:

>  To discourage the growth of a city in an unplanned and unscientific way.

> To control the development of various Land use in a systematic way.

>  To give a Perspective picture of a fully planned city.

> To plan and account for existing migration of rural population to the urban area.

> To address the evolving challenges such as Housing, Infrastructure, means of     transport, open space development and insufficiency in public amenities etc.

>  For effective land use management and utilization.

>  For Spatial Growth Management.

>  To enable Project Planning and Urban Management. 

City Development Plan (CDP) vs Master Plan

So Many times City Development Plan (CDP) is made in cities with no Master plan. This isolation amount to ignoring an existing legal instrument of city planning and leads to only project oriented development. City Development Plan (CDP) is usually taken as a synonym to a Master Plan, which is a statutory document having gone through the process of `public opinions and objections’ and backing. City Development Plan (CDP) may not be even prepared by professional Planners. It fails to seek advantage of modern data sources as used in development plans and thus may contradict the statutory master plan. JNNURM gets more financials to prepare City Development Plan (CDP) than National Urban Information System (NUIS) for development plans although City Development Plan (CDP) has to be prepared for less number of cities.

City Development Plan

A City Development Plan (CDP) is both a perspective and a vision for the future development of a city. It presents the current stage of the city’s development – where are we now? It sets out the directions of change – where do we want to go? It identifies the thrust areas — what do we need to address on a priority basis It also suggests alternative routes, strategies, and interventions for bringing about the change – what interventions do we make in order to attain the vision? City Development Plan (CDP) is anchored in the Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM) with a focus on creating economically productive, efficient equitable and responsive cities.  Both perspective and vision document for the future development of a city; Developing a vision and selection of strategy is central to preparation; Wide range of consultations among key stakeholders; Defines potential of city, its attributes in terms of comparative and competitive advantage; Includes City Investment Plan: detailed analysis of finances; In depth analysis and review of existing situation.

Process of Preparation of CDP:

Preparation of a City Development Plan is a multi-stage exercise, involving: In-depth analysis of the existing situation, covering the demographic, economic, financial, infrastructure, physical, environmental and institutional aspects. The purpose of this stage is to review and analyse the current status of the city with regard to the state of its development, systems and procedures, as equally its institutional and financial context. Development of a perspective and a vision of the city: Using the results of the first stage of analysis combined with consultations with key stakeholders and civil society, this stage is meant to develop a vision for the future development. Formulating a strategy for bridging the gap between where the city is and where it wishes to go. It is in this stage that strategies and interventions are identified for attaining the vision and future development perspectives. Preparing a City Investment Plan (CIP) and a financing strategy: An investment plan and a financing strategy are an integral part of the CDP.

Strengths of City Development Plan:

Some aspects which even though are emphasized in the master plan but always are down played. CDP highlights like preparation of financial profile of a city, investment plan and strategy plan and infrastructure profile in preparation of CDP, which will go a long way in realizing harmonious and sustainable development of towns and cities. In India, the projects envisaged under the first major urban renewal program (JNNURM) is implemented through CDP, which are essentially city level capital investment plans, prepared largely independently of the city’s Master Plan. This is because the city master plans do not have any financial plan attached to them and have very poor reflection of socio-economic concerns.

Integrated Development of Small & Medium Towns (IDSMT)

The total population of the country has increased from 361 million in 1951 to 1027 million in 2001, whereas, urban population has increased from 62 million to 285 million during the same period. The number of metropolitan cities has increased from 23 in 1991 to 35 in 2001. Thus, it is, evident that there was a clear shift towards large towns, perhaps due to lack of employment opportunities and poor urban infrastructural base of the small and medium towns. The Centrally sponsored scheme of Integrated Development of Small & Medium Towns (IDSMT) was initiated in the year 1979 80 and is continued with timely amendments and modifications upto 2004-2005 and in December 2005 it was subsumed in UIDSSMT Scheme. Investment in the development of small urban centres would help in reducing migration to large cities and support the growth of surrounding rural areas as well. 

Objectives of IDSMT: 

The main objectives of IDSMT scheme are: 

> Improving infrastructural facilities and helping in the creation of durable public assets in small and medium towns. 

> Decentralizing economic growth and employment opportunities and promoting dispersed urbanization.  

> Increasing the availability of serviced sites for housing, commercial and industrial uses. 

> Integrating spatial and socio-economic planning as envisaged in the Constitution (74th Amendment) Act, 1992.  

> Promoting resource generating schemes for the urban local bodies to improve their overall financial position. 

Selection of towns: 

> IDSMT Scheme will be applicable to towns/cities with population upto 5 lakhs.  

> Towns are to be identified and prioritized by the State Governments and UTs according to their Urban Strategy within the framework of Guidelines of the Scheme.  

> The IDSMT Scheme will be applicable to only those towns where elections to the local bodies have been held and elected bodies are in position. 

Components for Funding :

> Strengthening of Master Plan road facilities including ring, arterial, bypass/link roads and small bridges, 

> Sites and services, 

> Development of bus/truck terminals, 

> Construction/upgradation of Master Plan drains including Storm water channels, 

> Solid waste management 

> Development of market complexes/shopping centers, 

> Provision of tourist facilities, 

> Development of City/Town Parks 

> Street lighting for Master Plan roads, 

> Slaughter houses, 

> Major public amenities like Gardens, Playgrounds, Marriage halls, Pay and use toilets, etc. 

> Cycle/Rickshaw stands, 

> Traffic improvement and management schemes, 

> Construction of retaining walls and slope stability measures in hill station towns, 

> Social amenities, especially for the poorer sections. 

Funding pattern:

Central assistance and State share provided under IDSMT scheme to the local bodies is in the form of grant. 

To enable the preparation of project reports under IDSMT Scheme grant-in-aid will be available to State Governments/Municipalities on 60(Central grant) : 40(state grant) basis with total cost restricted to Rs.3.00 lakh to towns with population up to 50000, Rs.4.00 lakh for towns with population between 50000 and 1 lakh, Rs.5.00 lakh for towns with population between 1 and 3 lakhs and Rs.6.00 lakhs for towns with population between 3 and 5 lakhs under the Central Urban Infrastructure Support Scheme (CUISS). 

Appraisal and processing :

The State Government/UTs have to prepare and send detailed project report in the prescribed format to the Town and Country Planning Organisation (TCPO) for scrutiny and appraisal.The State Level Sanctioning Committee (SLSC) considers appraisal reports prepared by TCPO and recommends for release of central assistance to the Government of India.

Statutory Town

As per the Census of India 2011, the Statutory Town is defined as all the towns/ places having a municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee, etc.

Example: Bankura, Durgapur, Barddhaman, Howrah, Kolkata, Naihati, etc.

Statutory towns are urban areas declared by the state or central government and governed by the ULBs. These towns include municipality, corporation, cantonment board or notified town area committee. 

Outgrowths

According to the Census of India 2011, ‘Out Growths’ (OG) is a viable unit such as a village or a hamlet or an enumeration block made up of such village or hamlet and identifiable in terms of its boundaries and location.

While determining the outgrowth of a town, it has been ensured that it possesses the urban features in terms of infrastructure and amenities such as pucca roads, electricity, taps, drainage system for disposal of wastewater, etc. educational institutions, post offices, medical facilities, banks, etc. and physically contiguous with the core town of the UA.

Examples: Central Railway Colony (OG), Triveni Nagar (N.E.C.S.W.) (OG), etc.

Each such town together with its outgrowth(s) is treated as an integrated urban area and is designated as an ‘urban agglomeration’.

Urban Agglomeration

As per the Census of India 2011, an urban agglomeration is a continuous urban spread constituting a town and its adjoining outgrowths (OGs), or two or more physically contiguous towns together with or without outgrowths of such towns.

An Urban Agglomeration must consist of at least one statutory town and its total population (i.e., all the constituents put together) should not be less than 20,000 as per the 2001 Census. In varying local conditions, there were similar other combinations that have been treated as urban agglomerations satisfying the basic condition of contiguity.

Examples: Greater Mumbai UA, Delhi UA, etc.

Census Towns

All Administrative units that have been defined by statute as  urban like Municipal Corporations, Municipalities, Contonment Boards, Notified Town Area Committee, Town Panchayats, Nagar Palika  etc. are known as Statutory Town. Further Statutory Towns with population of  1,00,000 and above are categorized as cities.

All other places which satisfied the following criteria.

• a minimum population of 5,000,
• at least 75% of the male main working force engaged in non-agricultural activities and
• population density of at least 400 persons per sq.km.

As per 2011 Census, there are 3,784 Census Towns as against 1,362 in 2001.

Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U)

Government of India launched the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U) on October 2, 2014 with the objective to scientifically process all the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated in all the urban areas of the country. To carry forward the progress made, SBM-U 2.0 has been launched on October 1, 2021 for a period of five years, with the vision to achieve “Garbage Free” status through 100% source segregation, door-to-door collection and scientific processing of all fraction of waste, safe disposal in scientific landfill, remediation of all legacy dumpsites by converting into green zones. Out of total waste generated i.e., 1.5 lakh MT/D across cities, a total of 1.14 lakh MT/D (75%) of waste is processed. 

Remediation of legacy waste dumpsite is one of the integral components of SBM-U 2.0. It is envisaged that under SBM U 2.0 all the legacy waste shall be remediated and land will be recovered while achieving the Lakshya Zero dumpsite during the Mission period of 2021-2026.

Solid Waste Management (SWM) component of SBM-U 2.0 allows setting up of waste processing facilities such as Material Recovery Facilities (MRFs), transfer stations, composting plants, bio-methanation plants, Refused Derived Fuel (RDF) processing facilities, plastic waste processing facilities, waste to electricity plants, Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste plants, sanitary landfill, mechanized sweeping equipment and Bio-remediation/ capping of all legacy dumpsites in all ULBs.

‘Swachhata Startup Challenge’ was launched on January 27, 2022 in collaboration with Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) to promote an enabling environment for development startups and entrepreneurs in the waste management sector. 

Under the “Swachh Technology Challenge” launched on December 6, 2021, all Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) conducted the challenge and submitted two best solutions to States followed by identification of maximum three best entries by the States/UTs. The ULBs provide implementation support to the winning solutions startups other than award money and State/City level felicitation.

SBM-U 2.0 Guidelines encourages adoption of locally innovated, cost-effective technology solutions and business models in sanitation and solid waste management by startups, through investment in Research & Design (R&D) and facilitation in Government-e-Market (GeM) portal.

ISSR Project

‘Land’ and ‘Colonization’ are State subjects. Schemes related to housing in their respective areas are implemented by States/Union Territories (UTs). However, Government of India is supplementing the efforts of States/ UTs by providing Central assistance under Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban (PMAY-U) since June, 2015 to provide pucca house with basic civic amenities to all eligible urban beneficiaries through four verticals namely (i) Beneficiary-led individual house construction or enhancement (BLC) (ii) Affordable Housing in Partnership (AHP) (iii) Credit-Linked Subsidy Scheme (CLSS) and (iv) “In-Situ” Slum Redevelopment (ISSR).

Identification of eligible beneficiaries and implementation of projects under PMAY-U is the responsibility of State/ UT Governments concerned. All State/ UT Governments prepare project proposals as per demand in consonance with scheme guidelines of PMAY-U. 

Based on the project proposals submitted by States/ UTs, a total of 2,10,552 houses have been sanctioned for eligible beneficiaries under ISSR vertical of PMAY-U as on 20.03.2023.

Under PMAY-U, more than 1.20 crore houses have been sanctioned as on 20.03.2023. Of the sanctioned houses, 109.40 lakh have been grounded for construction; of which 72.72 lakh are completed/ delivered to beneficiaries. Of the 72.72 lakh completed houses as on 20.03.2023, 52.78 lakh houses have been sanctioned to Economically Weaker Section (EWS) beneficiaries.

Functioning of Urban Local Bodies

Urban Development is a State subject. However, Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA) facilitates and assists the States/Union Territories (UTs) through its flagship Missions/ Schemes - Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation 2.0 (AMRUT 2.0), Smart Cities Mission (SCM), Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban 2.0 (SBM-U 2.0), Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM), Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana-Urban (PMAY-U) and Urban Transport (UT) projects. The Schemes are implemented in accordance with the Mission / Scheme guidelines and funds are released to the State/ UT Governments and not to Urban Local Bodies (ULBs).

Capacity building is one of the important components under Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT) launched in June, 2015 and AMRUT 2.0 launched in October, 2021 consisting of individual and institutional capacity building. Institutional arrangements that support Missions implementation have been funded from State Administrative & Office Expense (A&OE) funds, including ongoing Comprehensive Capacity Building Programme (CCBP). States have been encouraged to take up extensive Capacity Building activities for their Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) to achieve urban reforms and implement projects in Mission mode. Under the AMRUT mission target of training 45,000 municipal functionaries, around 57,134 municipal functionaries have been given Capacity Building trainings. 11,101 municipal functionaries and elected representatives have been trained under AMRUT 2.0.

In addition, SBM-U has developed a dedicated National Capacity Building Framework for Garbage Free Cities under SBM-U 2.0. The framework covers all aspects of administrative and technical capacity building and skill development projects under SBM-U 2.0. There are multiple expert agencies/ institutions which are empanelled and on boarded by MoHUA for undertaking specific Capacity Building activities at the State/UT and City level.

Government schemes on Urban Planning

• Smart Cities Mission: It was launched in 2015 with the objective to develop 100 smart cities in the country, which will have an advanced infrastructure and offer a high quality of life to its residents.
• Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation (AMRUT): It was launched in 2015 which focuses on improving basic urban infrastructure in cities and towns, such as water supply, sewerage, and transportation.
• Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY): This scheme was launched in 2015 with the aim of providing affordable housing to the urban poor. It has two components: PMAY-Urban for urban areas and PMAY-Gramin for rural areas.
• Swachh Bharat Abhiyan: This is a national cleanliness campaign launched in 2014, which aims to improve sanitation and cleanliness in urban areas.
• Heritage City Development and Augmentation Yojana (HRIDAY): It was launched in 2015 with focus on developing heritage cities and preserving their cultural and historical significance.
• National Urban Livelihoods Mission (NULM): This scheme was launched in 2013 and aims to provide sustainable livelihood opportunities to the urban poor, with a focus on skill development and entrepreneurship.
• Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission (JNNURM): This was a flagship scheme of the government launched in 2005, which aimed to improve urban infrastructure and governance in cities.

Zoning Regulations

It is a statutory document prepared under the provisions and procedures prescribed under the relevant Acts. The Zoning Regulations are also sanctioned along with the Master Plan. Zoning Regulations is the legal instrument for implementing the land use policy as proposed in the Master Plan. Zoning Regulations contain a set of guidelines with regard to the permissibility of the right use and the correct location of each zone duly prohibiting the conflicting uses in order to achieve the objective of the Master Plan for orderly development of a given settlement.

Zoning is a planning control tool for regulating the built environment and creating functional real estate markets. It does so by dividing land that comprises the statutory area of a ULB into different zones, permitting particular land use on specific sites to shape the layout of towns and cities and enable various types of development. 

Applicability of the Zoning Regulations: 

a. No development activity like layout, land pooling scheme, building activity or use of any land shall be permitted unless these are in conformity with the Master Plan land use, circulation network and the zoning of the uses and activities as given in this section and the building site requirements as given in these regulations.

b. These regulations however will not prohibit the continuance of existing uses of lands and buildings that have been lawfully established and have a valid development permission obtained from the competent authorities as required under the prevailing statutory provisions and these Zoning and Development Promotion regulations, provided that no expansion of the existing nonconforming use or activity shall be permissible provided such conformed use is dangerous to life. 

c. All the layouts approved by the competent authorities as required under the prevailing statutory provisions or plots / layouts regularized by prior to these regulations and change of land use affected by government in the immediate preceding notified Master Plan from time to time shall continue to prevail irrespective of the land use zone proposed in the Master Plan.